Which invasive species is known to cause significant ecological damage in freshwater lakes?

The invasive species that is known to cause significant ecological damage in freshwater lakes is Eurasian watermilfoil. This aquatic plant can rapidly grow and form dense mats on the water surface, which can interfere with the natural ecosystem. These dense growths can outcompete native vegetation for space and light, disrupting habitat for fish and other aquatic organisms. Moreover, the thick mats of Eurasian watermilfoil can obstruct boating, fishing, and swimming, leading to economic impacts on local recreation-dependent communities.

Understanding this species' impact helps in recognizing the importance of managing and controlling invasive plants to protect the ecological health of freshwater ecosystems. While other options, such as Asian carp, purple loosestrife, and zebra mussels, do pose significant threats to freshwater systems, the specific focus on Eurasian watermilfoil highlights its unique method of ecological disruption through dense growth.